31 March 2023 Issue 2 Nicholas Fairbank and Olivia Gaunt

Confidentiality and the family courts

Nicholas Fairbank and Olivia Gaunt on disclosing papers from financial remedy proceedings in England and Wales

Family practitioners will be well aware that proceedings in the Family Division of the England and Wales High Court (the Family Court) are generally held in private to protect the interests and information of the family, particularly the child/children involved. There are often concurrent or consecutive proceedings and financial remedy proceedings (FRPs) under the Children Act 2004 (the Act). Although the same parties will almost always be involved in both sets of proceedings, any publication of information from proceedings under the Act into FRPs, in the absence of authorisation from the court, is prohibited and may amount to a contempt of court: see s.12 of the Administration of Justice Act 1960 (the 1960 Act); Re B (A Child) (Disclosure)[1] and Griffiths v Tickle.[2],[3]

An issue that the authors observe, somewhat anecdotally, arising in practice is the tendency of referencing (and often directly quoting from) proceedings under the Act in FRPs. This regrettably includes counsel’s documentation filed with the Family Court. It is important to adhere to the prohibition on disclosing papers from proceedings under the Act into FRPs, particularly with the growing movement towards transparency and open justice in the Family Court.

The President of the Family Division’s report Confidence and Confidentiality: Transparency in the Family Courts, published in October 2021, talks of ‘squaring the circle’ between the competing needs of enhancing public confidence in the Family Court and maintaining the parties’ confidentiality. The President stated that the current system does not adequately permit public scrutiny or accountability and there needs to be a major shift in order to increase transparency, subject to ensuring the anonymity of the subject children and the family.

In the case of BT v CU that followed,[4] Justice Mostyn, while preserving the parties’ anonymity in that case, clearly heralded that ‘my default position from now on will be to publish financial remedy judgments in full without anonymisation, save that any children will continue to be granted anonymity’.[5] He reiterated this view in A v M[6] and undertook a thorough overview of the law on anonymity, going right back to the Matrimonial Causes Act 1857, in Xanthopoulos v Rakshina.[7]

Similarly, in the 2022 case of Gallagher v Gallagher,[8] Mostyn J referred to ‘partial privacy’ in financial remedy hearings and distinguished the ‘secrecy’ in children proceedings to those cases not falling within s.12 of the 1960 Act.[9] The court remarked:

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